Rock art is an academic concept and significant research field within archaeology, anthropology, and cultural heritage studies focused on the investigation of human-made markings intentionally applied to natural rock surfaces. It examines the production, meaning, context, and preservation of diverse manifestations, such as petroglyphs (engravings) and pictographs (paintings), to understand past human symbolic expression, cognitive processes, social structures, and interaction with the environment, providing crucial insights into non-literate societies and the long-term trajectory of human culture.